Inside the Red Fort: Key Structures You Shouldn’t Miss

While the Red Fort’s red sandstone walls dominate Delhi’s skyline, its true richness lies within. Maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India, the fort contains a carefully planned sequence of ceremonial, administrative, and residential spaces forming a unified Mughal palace complex.

The journey begins at the Lahori Gate, the principal western entrance. Passing through Chhatta Chowk, the vaulted market arcade, visitors reach the Naubat Khana (Drum House), where ceremonial music once marked royal events. Today, its upper storey houses the Indian War Memorial Museum.

Beyond lies the Diwan‑i‑Aam (Hall of Public Audience), a rectangular hall with a façade of nine arches. This was where the emperor addressed courtiers and the public. At its rear stands the alcove that once held the royal throne, backed by intricate pietra dura panels, including a figural panel attributed to the Florentine artist Austin de Bordeaux.

Behind it begins the more private zone of the palace. The Rang Mahal, once richly decorated, formed part of the imperial women’s quarters and was cooled by a central water channel. Nearby is the Mumtaz Mahal, which now houses the Delhi Fort Museum, presenting archaeological and historical artefacts connected to the site.

The most refined space is the Diwan‑i‑Khas, a marble pillared hall with floral inlay and formerly gilded surfaces. It once supported the famed Peacock Throne, later taken by the Persian invader Nadir Shah.

Together, these spaces offer visitors insight into Mughal governance, aesthetics, and court life.